Optimal Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles

We develop an optimal charging network for electric vehicles (EVs) by estimating a two-sided market model of EV demand and charging station entry. Using granular data on EV sales and charging stations, we conduct policy simulations to find the socially optimal charging network, examine different cost-sharing ratios, and suggest subsidy policies that mimic the social optimum under a budget constraint. Our analysis informs the design of charging infrastructure to effectively promote EV adoption and improve social welfare.